Non-resident companies with a trading business in the UK are liable to pay UK Corporation Tax on their profits made through a permanent establishment/branch or agency.

If the non-resident company is deemed liable to pay Corporation Tax, then its chargeable profits are:

• any trading income arising directly or indirectly through or from the permanent establishment/branch or agency,
• any income from property or rights used by, or held by or for, the permanent establishment/branch or agency except dividends or other distributions received from companies resident in the UK, and
• chargeable gains falling within TCGA92/S10B.

There are however some differences in the taxation of non-resident companies as opposed to resident companies. For example, a non-resident company:

• is not liable to account for ACT on distributions made before to 6 April 1999,
• cannot have 'franked investment income',
• cannot have surplus franked investment income for the purposes of ICTA88/S242,
• cannot set trading losses against dividend income to augment its trading income for the purposes of absorbing losses brought forward.

Any UK-source income received by a non-resident company which does not carry on a trade in the UK through a permanent establishment/branch or agency is subject to UK Income Tax. Any Income Tax due is calculated at the basic rate only without any allowances, subject to any applicable Double Taxation Agreement.